ICU脑出血患者肺部感染的影响因素分析

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Pulmonary Infection in Patients with ICU Cerebral Hemorrhage

目的探究致使重症监护室脑出血患者出现肺部感染的因素及预防措施。方法选取于2017年3月-2018年11月期间在该院重症监护室进行治疗的66例患者为研究对象,对研究对象的治疗方案进行回顾性分析,对引发脑出血患者肺部感染的危险因素采取Logistic多因素回归分析。结果采用气管切开、气管插管开放气道患者,肺部感染几率(95.34%)显著高于其对应组的(65.21%);住院时间超过14 d、吸烟史及年龄>60岁、患有慢性阻塞性肺部疾病患者的肺部感染几率分别为:79.40%、62.50%、94.50%,均显著高于它们对应组的37.04%、30.70%、5.45%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=8.038、12.028、12.813,<0.05);经过Logistic多因素分析可知,行气管切开、气管插管且呼吸机使用时长超过3 d的患者及住院时间超过14 d、吸烟史及年龄>60岁,且患有慢性阻塞性肺部疾病患者肺部感染几率极高。结论 ICU脑出血患者肺部感染原因诸多,医护人员应加强对病史了解程度,加强对患者病情的监护,提升患者护理质量,预防肺部感染的情况出现,提升患者生命质量,降低患者死亡几率。

Objective To investigate the factors and preventive measures for pulmonary infection in patients with cere-bral hemorrhage in intensive care unit.Methods Sixty-six patients who underwent treatment in the intensive care unit of our hospital from March 2017 to November 2018 were selected as subjects.The treatment plan of the study subjects was retrospectively analyzed to investigate the risk of lung infection in patients with cerebral hemorrhage.The factors were analyzed by Logistic multivariate regression.Results Patients with open airway with tracheotomy and tracheal in-tubation had a significantly higher rate of pulmonary infection(95.34%)than their corresponding group(65.21%);hospi-talization time over 14 days,smoking history and age>60 years old.The incidence of lung infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was 79.40%,62.50%,and 94.50%,respectively,which were significantly higher than 37.04%and 30.70%of their corresponding groups,5.45%,the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=8.038,12.028,12.813,P<0.05);Logistic multivariate analysis showed that patients who underwent tracheotomy,endotra-cheal intubation,and ventilator use for more than 3 days and hospitalization for more than 14 days.The history of smoking and age>60 years old,and the incidence of lung infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary dis-ease is extremely high.Conclusion There are many causes of pulmonary infection in patients with cerebral hemorrhage in ICU.Medical staff should strengthen their understanding of the medical history,strengthen the monitoring of pa-tients'condition,improve the quality of patient care,prevent the occurrence of lung infection,improve the quality of life of patients,and reduce the probability of death.