海洛因中毒闪电死亡的动物模型建立及超微结构观察研究

Animal Model of Mouse Perished of Lightning-like Death from Heroin Poisoning under Observation into Ultrastructure of Nervous System

目的研究海洛因中毒致小鼠闪电式死亡(lightning-like death,LLD)动物模型的建立方法,观察小鼠死亡后脑组织的病理形态学改变。方法采用小鼠侧脑室注射(intracerebroventricle injection,icv)和尾静脉注射(tail intraveinous injection,tiv)两种方式,探讨海洛因中毒致小鼠闪电式死亡的剂量水平,采用光学显微镜和电子显微镜观察小鼠死亡后脑组织的病理形态学特征。结果100μL盐酸海洛因(heroin hydrochloride,HRH)尾静脉注射的LC50和LC100分别为(4.30±0.41)mg/mL和(11.83±3.13)mg/mL;icv(40μL)HRH的LC50和LC100分别为(3.83±0.69)mg/mL和(9.68±3.10)mg/mL;tiv HRH小鼠呼吸与心跳停止时间分别为(0.95±0.25)min和(7.04±0.40)min;icv HRH小鼠呼吸与心跳停止时间分别为(0.58±0.17)min和(6.68±0.61)min。普通光镜下观察可见脑组织血管淤血、水肿等组织形态学改变;透射电镜下可观察到神经细胞间隙增宽;线粒体、内质网及溶酶体等出现病理改变。结论海洛因急性中毒致闪电式死亡可以引起神经系统组织形态病理改变。

Objective To establish a mouse model of lightning-like death(LLD)from injecting heroin hydrochloride(HRH)and investigate the pathomorphological changes of brain tissue after death.Methods Both the tail intravenous(tiv)and intracerebroventricular(icv)injections were adopted to bring the trialmice into lightning-like death from the explored lethal quantity of heroin.The pathomorphological changes of mouse’s brain tissue were observed under microscope and transmissible electronic microscope.Results With injection of 100μL HRH(10 mg/mL),the LC50(LC:lethal concentration)and LC100 from tiv were 4.30±0.41mg/mL and 11.83±3.13 mg/mL;yet the icv’s expressions under injection of 40μL HRH(10 mg/mL)were 3.83±0.69 mg/mL and 9.68±3.10mg/mL,respectively.The elapsed time of cessation into breathing/heart-beating by tiv infusion of HRH was 0.95±0.25 min/7.04±0.40 min,whereas 0.58±0.17 min/6.68±0.61 min by icv.Under microscope,the pathological changes of congestion and edema were found in brain tissue;and from transmissible electronic microscope were revealed the cerebral ultrastructure pathomorphological changes:the widened intervals between nerve cells,the abnormal mitochondria/rough endoplasmic reticula/lysosomes.Conclusions The animal model of mouse’s LLD from heroin has been set up with the resulted histopathological changes of nervous system.