2015—2017年湖州市居民脑卒中流行状况调查及分析

A survey on strokes prevalent in residents of Huzhou during the period from 2015 to 2017

目的了解2015—2017年湖州市脑卒中流行状况,为其防治工作提供数据支持。方法计算不同亚型(出血性和缺血性)脑卒中发病率、死亡率、病死率、潜在减寿年等,采用趋势检验、χ2检验进行统计分析。结果2015—2017年湖州市缺血性脑卒中年均发病率316.66/10万(中标率239.67/10万),死亡率29.43/10万(中标率20.39/10万);出血性脑卒中年均发病率73.53/10万(中标率57.10/10万),死亡率31.18/10万(中标率22.34/10万);年均病死率为15.53%,其中男性为15.44%,女性为15.64%。出血性脑卒中病死率高于缺血性脑卒中,两类脑卒中发病率及死亡率均随着年龄增长而呈上升趋势(缺血性:Z=251.918、Z=100.977,P<0.01;出血性:Z=104.022、Z=93.312,P<0.01)。脑卒中病死率无明显变化趋势(Z=-0.857,P=0.3914)。在季节分布上,缺血性脑卒中发病数夏季最高;出血性脑卒中发病数为春季最高,其次冬季。缺血性脑卒中平均减寿年数(average years of life lost,AYLL)为6.71年,潜在减寿率(potential years of life lost rate,PYLLR)为0.22‰;出血性脑卒中AYLL为10.28年,PYLLR为0.77‰,男性减寿程度高于女性。结论湖州市缺血性脑卒中发病率和死亡率总体呈上升趋势,出血性脑卒中发病率和死亡率总体无明显变化;两类脑卒中发病率和死亡率均随着年龄增长而上升、男性高于女性,脑卒中发病季节集中在春夏冬三季。

Objective To understand the prevalence of stroke in residents of Huzhou from 2015 to 2017 so as to develop scientific method for the prevention of the disease.Methods Firstly,the rates of morbidity,mortality,fatality and potential life loss years of different subtypes of stroke were calculated.Then the trend test andχ2 test were used for statistical analysis.Results The average annual rate of morbidity due to ischemic stroke in Huzhou was 316.66/10 5(the standard rate was 239.67/10 5)and the average annual mortality rate was 29.43/10 5(the standard rate was 20.39/10 5).The average annual rate of morbidity due to hemorrhagic stroke was 73.53/10 5(the standard rate was 57.10/10 5)and the average annual mortality rate was 31.18/10 5(the standard rate was 22.34/10 5).The average annual fatality rate of stroke was 15.53%,of which 15.44%for men and 15.64%for women.The fatality rate of hemorrhagic stroke was higher than that of ischemic stroke,both types of stroke morbidity and mortality increased as the ages increased(ischemia:Z=251.918,Z=100.977,P<0.01;hemorrhagic:Z=104.022,Z=93.312,P<0.01).No significant change was found in stroke fatality rate(Z=-0.857,P=0.3914).In terms of seasonal distribution,ischemic stroke had the highest incidence in summer;the incidence of hemorrhagic stroke was highest in spring,followed by winter.Average years of life lost(AYLL)was 6.71 years for ischemic stroke and 0.22‰for potential years of life lost(PYLLR).AYLL of hemorrhagic stroke was 10.28 years,and PYLLR was 0.77‰.Potential life loss in men was higher than in women.Conclusions The morbidity and mortality of ischemic stroke in Huzhou showed an increasing trend.There was no significant change in the morbidity and mortality of hemorrhagic stroke.Both types of stroke morbidity and mortality increase as the ages increase.The morbidity and mortality rates were higher for men than for women.The onset season of stroke appears mainly in spring,summer and winter.