中国海警办理海上特定刑事案件证明标准研究

Study on Standard of Proof for China Coast Guard to Handle Specific Maritime Criminal Cases

证明标准问题是刑事证明的核心问题。当前我国法律对海上刑事案件的证明标准与陆地刑事案件的证明标准完全相同。但是,该证明标准不利于海上特定刑事案件的办理。可以比照《涉海司法解释二》中关于降低海上特定行政案件证明标准的规定,对海上特定刑事案件的侦查终结、提起公诉和有罪判决三个诉讼阶段的证明标准进行统一的降低。只有从基本内涵、适用前提、案件种类和配套制度等方面予以准确界定,才能有效地发挥这种特殊证明标准制度的作用,实现以审判为中心改革背景下有效打击海上犯罪的目标。

Standard of proof is the core issue in criminal proof.At present,the standard of proof defined in Chinese laws on maritime criminal cases is exactly the same as that of terrestrial criminal cases.However,this standard of proof is not conducive to the handling of specific maritime criminal cases.The standards of proof in the three stages of court proceeding,namely,the conclusion of investigation,the initiation of public prosecution and the conviction,can be uniformly lowered by referring to the provisions of the maritime judicial interpretationⅡon lowering the standards of proof for specific administrative cases at sea.Therefore,it is necessary to accurately define the connotation,application prerequisite,types of case and supporting system,so that such special standard of proof system can act effectively in a way to achieve the goal of effectively combating maritime crimes under the background of trialcentered reform.