从认识论角度探究科学与意识形态的辩证关系

Dialectical Relationship Between Science and Ideology from the Perspective of Epistemology

对于科学与意识形态关系的认识,经历了从同一到对立,再到融合的辩证发展过程。在认识论领域,人们应该如何克服认识的障碍,实现主客体的统一,系统地形成科学的观念是意识形态发展的源泉和动力。通过对科学与意识形态关系的历史发展脉络分析,可以发现意识形态是观念科学的发展,从特拉西提出意识形态概念,拿破仑、马克思赋予其否定意义,阿尔都塞将科学与意识形态绝对对立,再到法兰克福学派的科学技术即是意识形态,从不同的角度、不同的功能来探讨意识形态,反映了人类认识论的深化;意识形态终结之争备受争议,但意识形态斗争远没有终结,意识形态批判将消除资本主义异化的现实存在、主体认识之弊,为共产主义实现打下坚实的思想观念基础,意识形态将真正回归认识论的本质,逐渐趋向科学的认识,实现主客体的统一,成为真正“观念的科学”。

The understanding of the relationship between science and ideology has gone through a process of dialectical development from unity to opposition and to integration.How should people overcome various wrong conceptions to form scientific concepts in the field of epistemology,which is the source and driving force of ideological development?Through the analysis of the historical development of the relationship between science and ideology,it can be found that exploring ideology from different angles and different functions reflects the deepening of human epistemology.From the concept of ideology put forward by Tracy,Napoleon and Marx gave it a negative meaning,Althusser opposed science and ideology absolutely,Frankfurt School thought science and technology was ideology.but the ideological struggle is far from over.Ideological criticism will eliminate the realistic existence of Capitalist alienation and the disadvantages of subjective cognition and clear up cosmological obstacles for the realization of Communism.Ideology will move towards true science。