促进数字化转型：美国图书馆著作权例外改革示范条款评析

Promoting the Digital Transformation of Library Services: A Study of the Model Statutory Language of Section 108 of the U.S. Copyright Act

美国图书馆著作权例外主要建立在模拟复制技术的基础之上,无法有效地满足图书馆利用数字技术服务读者的实践需要,目前已列入国会版权法修改议程。2017年美国版权局发布的版权法第108条的改革示范条款及研究报告吸收、调整现有规定并引进新的规定,为图书馆藏品的保存、存档、更换、读者使用等基本服务提供合法性依据,提升了图书馆利用数字技术的能力且兼顾著作权保护。我国著作权法第三次修改可以借鉴美国示范条款的改革思路与具体做法,革新图书馆著作权例外立法,促进图书馆服务的数字化转型。

The copyright exceptions for libraries of the U.S.Copyright Act is mainly based on analog technology and they cannot effectively meet the practical needs of libraries in using digital technology to serve users today.Amendments to the copyright law has been included in the Congress agenda.In 2017,the U.S.Copyright Office issued the model statutory language of section 108 of the Copyright Act and the related discussion document for revising existing regulations and introducing new ones.The model statutory language of section 108 tries to create a balance between enhancing libraries’ability of using digital technology to provide services and protecting copyright by putting restrictions on preservation and security,making deposit for research use,replacement,reproduction,distribution,public display and performance pursuant to user requests in eligible institutions.With reference to the reform ideas and concrete regulations of the model statutory language of section 108,the third amendment to the Copyright Law of China should consider relaxing the copyright exception legislations for libraries so that the digital transformation of library services can be promoted in a comprehensive way.