水蒸气蒸馏过程中芳樟精油的释放规律研究

Release Law of Cinnamomum camphora Essential Oil during Steam Distillation

采用气相色谱峰面积归一化法,绘制芳樟醇浓度与峰面积的标准曲线方程,确定水蒸气蒸馏过程中芳樟精油的释放规律;并结合石蜡制片技术观察芳樟叶片油细胞蒸馏前后的变化情况。结果表明:精油释放量先升高后降低,在10~15 min内精油释放量最大,随后开始迅速降低,芳樟精油在前30 min出油率高,占总出油量的95%。对芳樟叶片的切片分析结果显示,芳樟叶片油细胞主要分布于主叶脉的皮层和中柱。其中叶片中部主叶脉的油细胞含量最多,其次是基部主叶脉,尖部主叶脉最少。油细胞中精油的主要释放时间与精油释放曲线相对应。在精油释放过程中,各个组织中的油细胞基本同时释放精油,没有特定的释放顺序。

The standard curve equation of linalool concentration and peak area was drawn by gas chromatography peak area normalization method to determine the release rule of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil during steam distillation.The changes in the oil cells in the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora before and after distillation were observed by paraffin technology.The results showed that the amount of essential oil release increased firstly and then decreased.The maximum amount of essential oil released within 10-15 min,and after 15 min the release amount of essential oil decreased rapidly.The Cinnamomum camphora essential oil mainly released in the first 30 min,which accounted for 95%of the total oil output.The results of section analysis of the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora showed that the oil cells of the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora were mainly distributed in the cortex and the middle column of the main veins.Among them,the middle main vein of the leaf had the most oil cell content,followed by the base main vein,and the apex main vein had the least.The main release time of essential oil in the oil cells corresponded to the essential oil release curve.When the essential oil released from the oil cells,the oil cells in each tissue released essential oil at the same time,with no specific release sequence.