基于水下滑翔机的海洋声学背景场观测技术

Research on Observation Technology of Oceanic Acoustic Background Field Based on Underwater Glider

水下滑翔机作为新型水下无人平台,具有对海洋环境噪声进行长时序,大范围稳定观测能力。文中通过开展水听器与水下滑翔机集成应用研究,设计完成了具备海洋环境噪声测量能力的声学观测型水下滑翔机。基于水听器工作原理与水下滑翔机运动约束,并根据商用计算流体力学软件对流体水动力参数的计算结果,优化了水听器在水下滑翔机本体的安装位置。通过建立声学观测型水下滑翔机动力学模型,进行了运动仿真并确定最优运动参数,并于2019年5月在我国南海某海域进行了海上试验应用,获取了大量的水下滑翔机自噪声与海洋环境噪声数据。海上试验数据分析结果验证了声学观测型水下滑翔机的运动稳定性及其海洋声学背景场的观测能力。

Underwater glider can realize long-time and large-scale stable observation of oceanic ambient noise.This paper developed an acoustic observation underwater glider with the ability of oceanic ambient noise measurement through researching integrated application of hydrophone and underwater glider.Based on the working principle of hydrophone and the motion constraint of underwater glider,the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)software was used to calculate the hydrodynamic force for optimizing the installation position of hydrophone in underwater glider body.A dynamic model was further established for motion simulation and determination of the optimal motion parameters of the developed underwater glider.A large number of underwater glider self-noise and oceanic ambient noise data were obtained in the sea trial in the South China Sea in May 2019,and the motion stability of this underwater glider and its observation ability of oceanic acoustic background field were verified.