腹腔镜直肠癌保肛手术与传统开腹手术比较

Comparison of Laparoscopic Rectal Cancer Anus-preserving Surgery and Traditional Open Surgery

目的通过对直肠癌患者实施不同的手术方案,观察其临床效果,探究不同手术方案的临床应用特点。方法从2013年1月—2018年12月来该院诊治的直肠癌患者中随机抽取50例,采用随机数字法随机分为对照组25例:传统开腹手术,观察组25例:实施腹腔镜直肠癌保肛手术,观察两组患者的手术情况、并发症、保肛情况。结果观察组术中出血为(59.33±18.21)mL,低于对照组(122.56±20.89)mL(t=37.654,P<0.05),手术时间为(174.99±15.68)min,高于对照组(143.75±14.01)min(t=19.754,P<0.05),术后住院天数为(10.53±2.28)d,低于对照组(14.24±3.02)d(t=8.853,P<0.05),术后肠功能恢复时间为(1.86±0.68)d,小于对照组(3.38±0.85)d(t=7.372,P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率12%低于对照组(48%)(χ^2=21.945,P<0.05);观察组保肛率高于对照组(χ^2=12.352,P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜直肠癌保肛手术可有效减少直肠癌患者的术中出血量、住院天数、术后肠功能恢复时间;腹腔镜手术时间稍长,有效降低术后并发症的发生,保肛效果好,值得临床推广使用。

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of different surgical procedures by implementing different surgical plans for patients with rectal cancer.Methods A total of 50 patients with rectal cancer from January 2013 to December 2018 in the hospital were randomly selected and randomly divided into control group:25 cases:traditional open surgery,observation group 25 cases:laparoscopic surgery Anal sphincter preservation surgery was performed to observe the operation,complications and anal sphincter of the two groups.Results In the observation group,the intraoperative blood loss was(59.33±18.21)mL lower than the control group(122.56±20.89)mL(t=37.654,P<0.05),and the operation time was(174.99±15.68)min higher than the control group(143.75±14.01)min(t=19.754,P<0.05),the postoperative hospital stay was(10.53±2.28)d lower than the control group(14.24±3.02)d(t=8.853,P<0.05),and the postoperative intestinal function recovery time was(1.86±0.68)d less than the control group(3.38±0.85)d(t=7.372,P<0.05);the incidence of complication in the observation group was 12%lower than that in the control group(48%)(χ^2=21.945,P<0.05);Anal in the obseroation group was better than that in the control group(χ^2=12.352,P<0.05).Conclusion Anal sphincter surgery for laparoscopic rectal cancer can effectively reduce intraoperative blood loss,length of hospital stay,and recovery time of postoperative bowel function in patients with rectal cancer.Laparoscopic surgery takes a little longer,which effectively reduces the incidence of postoperative complications.It is worthy of clinical promotion.