2008～2017年扬州地区无偿献血者血液检测结果分析

Analysis of blood test results of unpaid blood donors in Yangzhou area from 2008 to 2017

目的了解扬州地区近年来无偿献血者血液检测情况,评价对初筛ALT检测实施全面质量控制后的效果。方法选择来自扬州市中心血站2008年1月~2017年12月间无偿献血者的血液标本,初筛策略:2008年起开展ALT和HBsAg快速初筛,2009年增加初筛TP快速检测;血液检测策略:2015年以前血液检测采取2遍酶免检测策略,2015年开展核酸检测,采取2遍酶免+1遍核酸策略,先进行2遍酶免检测后,对合格标本再进行核酸检测。结果扬州地区2008~2017年度检测总不合格率为1.72%,不合格项分布为ALT>TP>HBsAg>抗-HCV>抗-HIV,且不合格率呈逐年下降趋势。在ALT筛查的基础上进行全面质量控制,能继续有效降低ALT的检测不合格率。结论采供血机构加强献血前的初筛,对于提高血液采集后合格率,减少血液的不必要浪费,是有效、可行的。在初筛ALT检测的基础上,实施全面质量控制,能继续明显降低ALT的检测不合格率,为进一步保障血液质量和输血安全具有重要的意义。

Objective To understand the blood test of unpaid blood donors in Yangzhou area in recent years,and evaluate the effect of implementing total quality control on primary screening ALT.Methods Blood samples from unpaid donors from Yangzhou Central Blood Station from January 2008 to December 2017 were selected.Primary screening strategy,ALT and HBsAg rapid screening were carried out in 2008,and initial screening TP rapid detection was added in 2009.blood testing strategy:Before 2015,blood testing took 2 times enzyme-free detection strategy,and in 2015,nucleic acid testing was carried out by 2 times of enzyme-free+1 time nucleic acid strategy,namely,the nucleic acid test was performed on the qualified samples after 2 times of enzyme-free detection.Results The total unqualified rate of the test in Yangzhou area was 1.72%from 2008 to 2017.The distribution of unqualified items was ALT>TP>HBsAg>anti-HCV>anti-HIV,and the unqualified rate showed a downward trend year by year.Total quality control based on ALT screening can continue to effectively reduce the unqualified rate of ALT detection.Conclusion The strengthening of the initial screening before blood donation in blood banks is effective and feasible for improving the qualified rate after blood collection and reducing unnecessary waste of blood.On the basis of the initial screening of ALT,the implementation of total quality control can continue to significantly reduce the unqualified rate of ALT detection,which is of great significance for further ensuring blood quality and blood transfusion safety.