基于微震定位技术的采空区勘探方法研究

A Research on Exploration Method of Goaf based on Microseismic Positioning Technology

随着地下矿产的不断开采,矿井采空区会越来越多,采空区的塌陷造成生态环境破坏,建筑物、耕地损坏、地面下沉。为了对采空区进行精确的勘探,采用微震定位技术,分析了采空区的地质特征、采空区地震勘探地球物理特征以及微地震事件定位方法,建立了平层状介质浅层采空区层位和速度模型,然后,根据实际地震资料进行研究。研究得出:当地震波穿过采空区时,其频率、能量和平均速度均发生明显的变化,Geiger法在采空区勘探中具有效率高、速度快等特点。

With the continuous exploitation of coal seams,there will be more and more mined areas in the mines.The collapse of the goaf will cause ecological environment damage,buildings and cultivated land will be damaged,and the ground will sink.In order to carry out accurate exploration of the goaf,micro-seismic positioning technology was used to analyze the geological characteristics of the goaf,the geophysical characteristics of the seismic exploration in the goaf and the method of locating the microseismic events.We have established a shallow layered medium goaf.The horizon and velocity models are then studied on the based of actual seismic data.The study shows that when the seismic wave passes through the goaf,its frequency,energy and average speed will change significantly.The Geiger method has the characteristics of high efficiency and high speed in the exploration of the goaf.