本科护生心理弹性与心理健康、主观幸福感的相关性研究

Study on the correlations of mental resilience with mental health and subjective well-being in undergraduate nursing students

目的:探讨本科护生心理弹性与心理健康、主观幸福感的相关性,为促进本科护生的心理健康和幸福感提供新的干预视角。方法:采用中文版心理弹性量表、《国际大学调查》和一般心理健康量表,对蚌埠医学院698名本科护生进行测查。结果:本科护生的心理弹性评分为(61.78±11.78)分,处于中等水平;心理健康和主观幸福感评分分别为(15.23±3.38)分和(105.83±18.02)分,处于中等偏上水平。男性本科护生的心理健康水平高于女性(P<0.05);担任班干部的本科护生的心理弹性明显高于未担任者(P<0.01);不同年级的本科护生在主观幸福感三个维度的评分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05~P<0.01)。高心理弹性组护生的心理健康、生活满意度和积极情感得分均明显高于低心理弹性组(P<0.01),消极情感得分明显低于低心理弹性组(P<0.01)。本科护生心理弹性总分及各维度评分均与心理健康、生活满意度和积极情感呈明显正相关关系(P<0.01),与消极情感呈明显负相关关系(P<0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示,心理健康、生活满意度和积极情感进入回归方程,可解释心理弹性总变异的37.6%。结论:本科护生的心理弹性水平与心理健康、主观幸福感密切相关。护理教育工作者在实施心理干预时,应侧重挖掘护生的内在心理潜能,提升其心理弹性水平,以增强护生幸福感体验,促进其积极心理健康的发展。

Objective:To investigate the correlations of mental resilience with mental health and subjective well-being in undergraduate nursing students,and provide a new perspective of intervention to promote the mental health and happiness of undergraduate nursing students.Methods:Six hundred and ninety-eight undergraduate nursing students from Bengbu Medical College were investigated using the CD-RISC mental resilience scale(CD-RISC),international university survey and general mental health scale(GHQ-20).Results:The total score of mental resilience of undergraduate nursing students was(61.78±11.78)points,which was at the moderate level.The total scores of mental health and subjective well-being were(15.23±3.38)points and(105.83±18.02)points,respectively,which was at the middle-upper level.The mental health level in male undergraduate nursing students was higher than that in female undergraduate nursing students(P<0.05).The mental resilience level in class leader was significantly higher than that in noclass leaders(P<0.01).The differences of the scores of three dimensions of subjective well-being in different grades undergraduate nursing students were statistically significant(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The scores of mental health,life satisfaction and positive emotion in high resilience group were significantly higher than those in low resilience group(P<0.01),and the score of negative emotion in high resilience group was significantly lower than that in low resilience group(P<0.01).The total score of mental resilience and score of each dimension in undergraduate nursing students were positively correlated with the mental health,life satisfaction and positive emotion(P<0.01),and negatively correlated with negative emotion(P<0.01).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the mental health,life satisfaction and positive emotion entered the regression equation,and the total variation of mental resilience was 37.6%.Conclusions:The level of mental resilience of undergraduate nursing students is closely related to the mental health and subjective well-being.In the implementation of psychological intervention,the nursing educators should focus on excavating the inherent psychological potential and enhancing the level of resilience of nursing students to enhance their sense of well-being and promote their positive mental health.