唯物史观的阐释原则及其具体化运用

The Interpretative Principles of Historical Materialism and their Concrete Application

唯物史观根本的阐释原则是:史无前例地把社会历史过程的本质性,从思想、观念、精神的领域,移入到人们现实生活的领域,并因而将观念世界的统治地位揭示为意识形态的神话学。不仅如此,唯物史观的阐释原则同时诉诸真正的社会性和历史性,因为在唯物主义的阐释原则还未能在哲学上把握住社会性和历史性之时,它就根本无法通过社会历史的广大区域,它也根本不可能就此构成真正唯物主义的观点。这里表现出唯物史观阐释原则的本质特征,也展现出它同黑格尔哲学所具有的本质联系。然而,唯物史观的普泛影响,在很大程度上还滞留于原则或原理的表面,即使在许多唯物史观的赞同者那里也是如此。这里的关键牵涉到阐释原则之辩证的具体化运用。唯物史观的阐释原则一刻也离不开它的具体化运用,而这样的具体化运用就是去研究和把握自我活动着的既定社会。这一要义对于中国特色哲学社会科学———其学术体系、学科体系和话语体系———的建构来说,不仅具有积极的启发意义,而且还将产生强大而持久的推动作用。

The interpretative principles of historical materialism represent an unprecedented transfer of the essential nature of society’s historical process from the realms of thought,concept,and spirit to the field of real life,and thus reveal the dominance of the conceptual world as an ideological mythology.Moreover,the interpretative principle of historical materialism draws simultaneously on true sociality and historicity,for it simply cannot pass through the vast realm of social history and form a true view of materialism without a philosophical grasp of sociality and historicity.This shows the essential characteristics of the interpretative principle of historical materialism and its substantive connection with Hegelian philosophy.However,to a large extent the widespread influence of historical materialism still remains as the superficies of a principle or axiom,even for many of its supporters.The crucial point here is the concrete application of the dialectical aspect of the interpretative principle.The interpretative principle of historical materialism cannot for an instant be separated from its concrete application,an application that means studying and grasping the self-acting character of a given society.This essential nature not only positively inspires the construction of the academic system,disciplinary system,and discourse system for philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics,but will also produce a strong and lasting impetus.