从创客到创造性公民：智慧教育视野下的创客公民及其培养

From Maker to Creative Citizens: Maker Citizens and Its Cultivation from the Perspective of Smart Education

智慧教育的目标在于培养具有良好价值取向、较高思维品质和较强施为能力的人才,这为创客教育提供了全新的目标框架与价值追求。文章首先从创客内涵出发,厘清创客公民、创造性公民等概念之间的逻辑关系,构建创客公民的能力维度与素养结构;其次基于国际MakEY创客公民项目,通过案例研究,详细分析了英国和冰岛通过创客空间培养学生创造力的路径与策略,阐释创客空间在培养儿童与青少年数字素养和创造力方面的作用;最后在案例分析的基础上,基于国内智慧教育发展,提出了我国创客公民培养的实现路径和若干策略,建立“终身、全民、全程、全空间、全社会”创客公民教育理念与体系,为我国创客公民培养提供理论依据和案例参考,推进创客教育与智慧教育融合发展。

The goal of smart education is to cultivate talents with good value orientation,high thinking quality and strong decisive ability,which provides a brand new target framework and value pursuit for maker education.Firstly,this paper starts from the connotation of makers,clarifies the logical relationship between the concepts of maker citizens and creative citizens,and builds the capability dimension and literacy structure of maker citizens.Secondly,based on the international MakEY creator citizen project,this paper analyzes the paths and strategies of the UK and Iceland to cultivate students'creativity through maker space in detail,and illustrates the role of maker space in cultivating the digital literacy and creativity of children and adolescents.Finally,this paper,on the basis of case analysis and the development of smart education in China,proposes the realization path and some strategies to cultivate maker citizens in China,and establishes the concept and system of citizenship education for"Lifelong,All People,Whole Process,All Space,and Whole Society",which provides theoretical basis and case references for the cultivation of Chinese makers'citizens,and promotes the integral development of maker education and smart education.