康熙时期江苏的田废地弃问题述论

On the Abandonment of Waste Land in Jiangsu Province during the Kangxi Period

康熙时期,坍没、水灾、迁海、逃亡、公占造成的江苏田荒地弃,或属天为之荒,或系人为所致,由各州县田地荒废失耕,可以看出江苏经济恢复的曲折。关于清荒、报荒、辨荒,清初就形成了系列制度,江苏积累了自身的经验,但各州县清丈扰民、报荒作假、开垦成本高、摊赔累民等行为,不仅有损百姓的利益,而且严重影响到江苏荒地的垦复实效。

There were wide-spread uncultivated land and wasteland in Jiangsu province during the Kangxi period in the Qing Dynasty due to collapse,flooding,moving to the sea,displacement and public ownership,which were either caused by natural disasters or human influences.The twists and turns of Jiangsu’s economic recovery can be seen from the waste and loss farming of farmland in various prefectures and counties.In the early Qing Dynasty,a series of systems were established to clear,report and distinguish wasteland,and Jiangsu had accumulated its own experience.However,the action of homeland clear in various prefectures and counties,such as strict land measurement disturbing the people,falsification of the wasteland areas,the high cost of the reclamation aggravating people’s burden and so on,which phenomenon not only directly harmed the interests of the people,but also seriously impeded the recovery of the wasteland.