从南京吉山明代失考墓石翁仲造型浅析其年代问题

On the Date of the Stone Figure of the Tomb with Unknown Occupant of the Ming Dynasty at Jishan Hill in Nanjing in the Perspective of Its Form

南京南郊江宁吉山失考墓前石翁仲武将造型华美,备受关注。由于石刻缺少相应的碑铭留存,亦无录于史书,墓主身份成谜。今从石翁仲武将铠甲造型及装饰角度判定此墓年代当为明代中后期,甚至嘉靖以后。石翁仲手执骨朵的特殊造型应是明代中后期僭礼逾制社会风气影响下的产物。

The stone tomb figure in front of a tomb with unknown occupant on Jishan Hill in Jiangning of the southern suburb of Nanjing attracted much attention.Because this stone figure has neither related textural inscriptions nor historical records,the occupant of the tomb to which it belongs becomes a mystery.By the forms of the armors and ornaments of this stone figures,this paper estimated its date as the mid to the late Ming Dynasty,or later than the Jiajing reign period(1522–1566).The special gesture of holding guduo(spiked mace)of this stone figure would be the product of the influence of the social mode of overstepping the ranks and transgressing the rites in the mid and late Ming Dynasty.