2013年-2019年高考英语(全国卷Ⅰ)完形填空试题分析

An Analysis of the Cloze Tests in NMET(Nationwide I)from the Year 2013 to 2019

本文从语篇特征和考点特征两个方面构建完形填空试题分析框架,结合定性和定量分析方法,分析了近七年(2013年-2019年)全国卷I完形填空试题。研究发现,历年完形填空语篇难度不稳定,语篇类型以记叙文为主,语篇主题以人与自我为主,语篇所用词汇密度不一。历年完形填空对词汇的考查以实词为主,侧重考查词汇在语篇语境中的灵活运用,对学生的语篇能力和思维能力要求较高。基于本文研究发现,笔者针对性地提出了高中完形填空教学和备考建议,包括教师在日常教学中采用多种语篇类型和语篇主题的材料,适当提高完形填空训练难度,在语境中讲解词汇,并鼓励学生灵活运用词汇,以及通过培养学生的语篇能力和思维能力来提高学生的答题能力等。

The study creates an framework for the analyses of the cloze tests from the year 2013 to 2019 in NMET(Nationwide I)It shows that the difficulty levels of the texts used for the recent cloze tests are not stable,the texts are mainly narratives,the subject context for the texts is mainly man and self and TTRs(Type/Token Ratio)of the texts are not stable.Besides,it is shown that the cloze tests attach importance to the use of vocabulary in context and they emphasize students’discourse abilities and thinking abilities.Based on these findings,some suggestions are put forward to improve the teaching of cloze tests.Teachers are advised to use reading materials of different discourse types and different subject contexts and to use a little more difficult cloze tests to train students.It is also suggested that teachers teach vocabulary in context and encourage students to use vocabulary flexibly.It is also recommended that teachers improve students ability to make choices by cultivating students discourse abilities and thinking abilities.