罗尔斯公平观视角下的美国城市更新策略研究——以亚特兰大环线再开发为例

The Urban Renewal Strategy of American Cities from the Perspective of Rawl’s Theory of Justice——An Empirical Study of Atlanta BeltLine

近年来,美国一些以城市更新为导向的大型景观项目因其巨大的规模和尺度、多元的利益相关方以及所产生的积极社会效应而受到广泛关注,如纽约高线公园、亚特兰大环线。这些景观项目除关注空间设计品质外,相较传统更新实践更加重视利益分配、社会参与以及景观服务可达性等社会公平议题。基于罗尔斯公平理论的视角,系统分析了以亚特兰大环线项目为代表的美国城市更新策略,重点探讨了程序正义、重叠共识、结果正义的实现方法和形式,以期对中国当下的城市更新提供参考与借鉴。

In recent years,there are some landscape-oriented urban renewal projects in the United States that have attracted wide public attention due to their large scale,multiple stakeholders and positive social impact,such as The High Line and Atlanta BeltLine.In addition to focusing on the quality of space design,compared with traditional renewal practices,these landscape projects pay more attention to social equity issues such as benefit distribution,public participation and landscape services accessibility.From the perspective of Rawls's theory of justice,this article implements a systematic analysis on the urban renewal strategies in the United States with Atlanta BeltLine as the representative,and discusses the methods and forms to achieve procedural justice,overlapping consensus and resultant justice,with the goal to provide references and lessons for the ongoing urban renewal in China.