电梯用液压缓冲器的缓冲原理与结构分析

Cushion Principle and Structure Analysis of Hydraulic Buffer for Lift

介绍了电梯中常用的液压缓冲器的类型结构和缓冲原理。结合流体力学基本原理和牛顿力学,建立了环状节流孔式液压缓冲器的分析模型,得到了节流面积-位移的函数,并进行简要分析,为渐变式节流式缓冲器的设计及缓冲特性研究提供参考。分析结果表明:节流杆的轮廓曲线以及节流孔的面积变化是影响缓冲特性的重要因素,是缓冲器设计优化的重点研究内容;要充分考虑安装空间、载荷撞击质量和撞击速度的参数情况来选用适合的缓冲器。

The hydraulic buffer’s structure and cushion principle was introduced. Combined with basic principles of hydrodynamics and Newton’s mechanics, the analyzed model of annular-throttling orifice hydraulic buffer was established. The functional relationship of the throttling orifice area-displacement was obtained, and briefly analyzed, providing some reference for the design and cushion characteristics of gradual throttling hydraulic buffer. The results show that the area and contour curve of the throttle rod is an important factor that can affect the cushion characteristics of the hydraulic buffer, and is the most important content of the optimized design. In order to adopting suitable buffer the installation space, collision load and impact velocity is necessary to fully consider.