西昌市妇女饮食运动与腰椎、股骨骨密度现状相关性调查分析

The association of diet and exercise with lumbar,femoral bone mineral density in Xichang women

目的探讨运动生活方式、饮食习惯等因素对西昌地区城乡妇女骨密度的影响。方法采用随机整群抽样方法在西昌市地区抽取6个群体,对376名30~85岁妇女进行问卷调查和BMD测定,并通过双能X射线吸收测量仪(DEXA)测量腰椎、手指骨密度,调查人员采用统一设计的调查问卷对所有参加调查者进行问卷调查。结果60岁以上女性,OP比例显著增加。回归分析显示,BMD的影响因素有:食物钙牛奶、食物钙豆腐、食物钙绿叶蔬菜、喜食辣椒、喜食咸食品饮食习惯、更多的户外活动时间和行走时间、在户外活动中是否采取防晒措施。结论随着年龄的增长,西昌女性OP的发病率逐渐增加。增加饮食钙:牛奶、豆腐、绿叶蔬菜是OP的保护因素,喜食辣椒、咸食品的饮食习惯是OP的危险因素,更多的户外活动时间、更多的行走时间是OP的保护因素,采取户外防晒措施是OP的危险因素。

Objective To investigate the influence of lifestyle and dietary habits on bone density of women in urban and rural areas in Xichang.Methods A random sampling method was used to select 6 populations in Xichang area.A questionnaire was conducted among 376 with 30~85 year old women.The bone density of lumbar spine and finger was measured by dual energy X ray absorpti ometry.Investigators used a unified design questionnaire to investigate all participants.Results In women older than 60 years old,the incidence of female osteoporosis in Xichang was increased.In dietary and exercise habits,correlation analysis showed that milk,tofu,green leafy vegetables,pepper and eating salty food were associated with the occurrence of osteoporosis.Rice,toast flour,flour,lean pork,milk powder and other dietary calcium were not related to the occurrence of osteoporosis in this study.It was shown that outdoor activities and walking times per day and taking sunscreen during outdoor activities were related to bone mineral density.Conclusion The prevalence of osteoporosis in women in Xichang area is increased with the increase of age.Milk,tofu and leafy greens are protective factors while eating habits of chili pepper and salty food are risk factors for primary osteoporosis.More outdoor time and more walking time are protective factors and outdoor sunscreen measure is risk factors for primary osteoporosis.