单粒花生主要脂肪酸含量近红外预测模型的建立及其应用

Establishment and applicant of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy models for predicting main fatty acid contents of single seed in peanut

脂肪酸组成是影响花生营养价值和货架寿命的主要因素,高油酸花生以其营养保健价值高、化学稳定性好、耐储藏等特点,深受广大消费者和花生加工企业的喜爱。因此,培育高油酸品种是花生育种的重要目标,建立快速、高效、准确检测花生中主要脂肪酸含量的无损方法是加快花生脂肪酸改良和高油酸品种选育进程的重要技术保障。本研究利用近红外光谱技术建立了可以非破坏性地快速检测单粒花生中油酸、亚油酸、棕榈酸含量的数学模型,其中油酸模型的决定系数(R2)为0.907,均方差为3.463;亚油酸模型的决定系数为0.918,均方差为2.824;棕榈酸模型的决定系数为0.824,均方差为0.782。使用100粒花生验证该模型的准确性,结果油酸、亚油酸和棕榈酸的近红外预测值与化学值的相关系数分别为0.88、0.90和0.71,表明此模型可以准确地预测单粒花生中这3种脂肪酸的含量。本研究借助该模型建立了一种不依赖分子标记的快速、高效选育高油酸花生的方法,并成功应用于高油酸花生育种,选育出高油酸花生品种中花215。

Profile of fatty acid is the main factor determining the nutritional value and shelf life of peanut.High oleate peanut has been increasingly favored by customers and peanut processing enterprises,as it provides a prolonged shelf-life and a beneficial effect on human health.Therefore,creating high oleate peanut cultivar is an important objective for peanut breeding.Developing a nondestructive method which could detect the fatty acid composition in peanut rapidly,efficiently and accurately is an important technical support for accelerating the processing.In this study,models for predicting the contents of main fatty acids(oleic acid,linoleic acid and palmitic acid)in a single peanut seed were built up using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy(NIRS).The coefficient of multiple determination(R2)and the root mean squared error of external calibration(RMSECV)of prediction models were 0.907 and 3.463 for oleic acid,0.918 and 2.824 for linoleic acid,0.824 and 0.782 for palmitic acid,respectively.One hundred peanut seeds were analyzed by both NIR and gas chromatography(GC)to validate the accuracy of the prediction models.The correlation coefficients of oleic acid,linoleic acid and palmitic acid between NIR values and GC values were 0.88,0.90,and 0.71,respectively,suggesting that these models could accurately predict the contents of the three main fatty acids in a single peanut seed.Furthermore,based on these prediction models,a breeding method of high oleate peanut without assistance of molecular marker was developed,and a high oleate peanut cultivar Zhonghua 215 was successfully bred.