莫高窟148窟观无量寿经变壁画中的建筑形象解析

The Architecture Image in the Amitabha Sutra-illustration of Dunhuang Mogao Cave 148

莫高窟148窟是盛唐敦煌大族开凿修建的一个大型涅槃窟,其中的塑像、壁画与洞窟均为唐代宗大历年间同时制作完成。148窟中的经变画涵盖了当时最流行的几种类型,涅槃经变、观无量寿经变、东方药师经变、弥勒经变、天请问经变。这些经变为了凸显佛国世界的庄严、宏大,运用大量的篇幅来表现佛国世界的建筑,这些建筑形象基本是以现实中的建筑为参考,是研究唐代建筑的重要资料。文章将对148窟东壁南侧观无量寿经变壁画中的建筑进行解读,从而探索唐代建筑群的组合可能,以及建筑单体所具备的特征。

Dunhuang Mogao Cave 148 is a big Nirvana Cave,which was constructed by a Dunhuang aristocratic family of Li dabin in Tang Dynasty.In this cave,all the frescoes and statues were completed at the same time in the early seventies,8th century.The frescoes in this cave almost contained the most popular varieties,Nirvana sutra-illustration,Amitabha sutra-illustration,Medicine sutra-illustration,Maitreya Buddha sutra-illustration,and Brahma's Question sutra-illustration.In order to highlight the solemnity and grandeur of the buddhist world,these illustrations use a large space to express the architecture of the buddhist world.These architectural images take real buildings as reference.Then the architecture of the buddhist world become to the very important data to the study of Tang Dynasty.The article will analyze the architecture in Amitabha sutra-illustrations in order to explore the architecture combination of Tang Dynasty,as well as the characteristics of the architecture.