西方艺术史中的瓦萨里艺术批评体系分析

An Analysis of the Wasari Art Criticism System in the History of Western Art

西方艺术史之父瓦萨里的名著《著名画家、雕塑家和建筑师传》,不仅记载了文艺复兴时期众多艺术家的事迹和作品,而且建立起了一个相对完善的艺术批评体系.该书对于艺术与现实的关系、评价艺术家的标准以及文艺复兴艺术的分期等关键理论问题作了界定说明;对当时流行的艺术观念和创作方法进行了深入阐释;对艺术发展的模式、艺术风格的渊源等进行了细致分析,在西方艺术理论发展史上独具重要意义.该著作不仅对艺术史的发展发挥了重大作用,而且深刻地影响了以后的西方艺术批评发展进程和方向.具体来说,它从古希腊、罗马“艺术摹仿自然”的观念出发,阐释了艺术发展的规律,得出了“艺术进步”的结论;并且以“逼真”“规则”“秩序”“比例”“设计”“风格”等六种尺度衡量了每一位艺术家的成就与高下,作出了较为公允的评判.

The famous painter,sculptor and architect Biography by Vasari,the father of western art history,not only records the deeds and works of many artists during the Renaissance,but also establishes a relatively perfect system of art criticism. The book defines the relationship between art and reality,the criteria for evaluating artists,and the staging of Renaissance art. This paper makes a deep explanation of the popular artistic concepts and creative methods at that time,and makes a detailed analysis of the mode of art development and the origin of artistic style,which is of great significance in the history of the development of western art theory,plays an important role,and deeply affects the development process and direction of western art criticism in the future. Starting from the concept of " art imitating nature" in ancient Greece and Rome,it explains the law of art development and draws the conclusion of " artistic progress",and makes a fair evaluation of the achievements and heights of each artist according to the six scales of " lifelike"," order"," proportion"," design" and " style".