特朗普时期美日贸易摩擦的缘起、分歧、特点与影响

Trade Frictions between the US and Japan during the Trump Administration: Origin, Disputes, Features and Impacts

美国总统特朗普上台后对日本挑起贸易摩擦。究其原因,既源于美国对日贸易巨额逆差的存续,还受到特朗普对日贸易理念的驱动以及个人决策偏好的影响。其核心分歧体现在货物贸易、贸易规则与汇率问题三个方面;特点是摩擦烈度相对不高、政治引领色彩明显、货物贸易优先突破;影响在于美日双边贸易结构趋于“相对平衡”、日本国内对美国的负面认知有所提升、日本更加重视多边贸易体系建设、亚太区域经济合作路径更加多元。尽管特朗普政府已于近期与日本达成新的贸易协定,但随着多边贸易体系和亚太区域经济合作的发展,从长远看,在今后的美日贸易中日本仍可获得一定优势。

After taking power,President Trump of the United States provoked trade frictions against Japan,the reasons of which involve not only the persistence of a huge US trade deficit with Japan,but also Trump’s personal idea about US trade with Japan and his decision preference.The core disputes between them are reflected in such domains as trade in goods,trade rules and exchange rate,and characterized by relatively low intensity,politics-led and a priority put on attaining a breakthrough in trade in goods.The impacts include:a relative-balance has been achieved in trade structure between the US and Japan;negative cognition of the US within Japan is on the rise;Japan has attached more importance to the building of multilateral trade systems;and the approach to economic cooperation in the Asia-Pacific has become more diversified.Although the Trump administration is to conclude,as it wished,a new trade agreement with Japan,Japan,from a long-term point of view,will attain certain advantages in its future trade with the US,along with the development of multilateral trade systems and regional economic cooperation in the Asia-Pacific.