关系平等主义:作为运气平等主义的替代选择是否成功

Relational Egalitarianism: Whether It is a Success as an Alternative to Luck Egalitarianism

自从罗尔斯的《正义论》出版以来,运气平等主义所倡导的分配正义理论一直占据着英美政治哲学研究的主流位置。近20年来,关系平等主义对运气平等主义进行了质疑与挑战,并试图予以替代。在他们看来,平等不是一种分配理想,而是一种社会理想,倡导平等的目的不是中和人们的运气,而是实现人类关系的平等,使所有人都能获得平等的尊重。虽然关系平等主义提供了一种有吸引力的平等主义理论,但是其倡导的平等策略并不能成功地替代运气平等主义。关系平等主义夸大了两种平等理论之间的差异与分歧,二者在平等的目标、理论构建与道德辩护等方面具有许多一致与互补性,是可以调和的。

Since the publication of Rawls's Theory of Justice,the theory of distributive justice advocated by the luck egalitarianism has occupied the mainstream position in the political philosophy.For nearly two decades,relational egalitarianism questioned and challenged the luck egalitarianism and attempted to replace it.According to this view,equality is not an ideal of distribution,but a moral ideal.The purpose of advocating equality is not to neutralize people's luck,but to realize the equality of human relations,so that all people can treat each other equally.Although relational egalitarianism provides an attractive theory of egalitarianism,the equality strategy it advocates cannot succeed in replacing luck egalitarianism.Relational egalitarianism exaggerates the differences and divergences between the two theories of equality.One is consistent and complementary with the other in the goal of equality,theoretical construction and moral defense,so that they are compatible.