幼儿情绪能力训练的理论构思与实证检验

The Theoretical Conception and Empirical Test of an Emotional Competence Training Program for Preschool Children

情绪能力是幼儿进行社会互动的一项关键能力,对幼儿的毕生发展有重要作用。通过引入情绪能力训练课程来培养幼儿的情绪能力已成为国内外心理学家的共识。研究针对3~5岁这一培养情绪能力的重要时间窗口,基于家长-教师-同伴的三元人际关系,开发了一套本土化的幼儿情绪能力训练方案。为验证方案的有效性,以北京市某幼儿园56名中班幼儿作为被试开展试测。家长和教师的评定结果表明,经过一年的教学,实验组幼儿的情绪和人际交往能力在前后测与对照组的比较中都有较为显著的提升,尤以总体优势、情绪调节和同伴问题的改善最为显著,证明该训练方案有良好效果。

Emotional competence is not only crucial in children’s social interaction, but also is vital in the function of their life-span development. Psychologists at home and abroad have reached a consensus on cultivating children’s emotional competence by introducing the emotional competence training curriculum.Based on the parents-teacher-peer ternary relation, this study developed a domestic emotional competence training program for children aged between 3 and 5, which is a crucial time window for the development of emotional competence. Effectiveness of this program was investigated on the middle-class kindergarten children in Beijing(n = 56). After one year’s intervention, the evaluation given by the parents and teachers indicated a significant outperformance of emotional competence as well as interpersonal interaction skills among children in the training group compared with both the baseline assessment in the training group and control group, with the greatest improvements being emotional strength, emotional regulation, and peer problems. The findings indicate that this training program efficiently promote positive emotional outcomes on Chinese children.