消化道微生态与胰腺疾病

Digestive microbiota and pancreatic diseases

消化道微生态参与人体多种生理及病理过程,是消化领域的研究热点。消化道微生态可能与急慢性胰腺炎和胰腺癌等胰腺疾病关系密切,但学术界很少关注。慢性胰腺炎患者存在肠道菌群结构失衡,并易伴发小肠细菌过度生长。肠道菌群可能与自身免疫性胰腺炎等IgG4相关性疾病关系密切。急性胰腺炎患者存在肠道菌群结构变化,肠道屏障功能受损和细菌移位在急性胰腺炎疾病进展中起重要作用,但不同类型和疾病程度的急性胰腺炎患者肠道菌群结构和功能特征仍不清楚。牙周疾病和口腔微生态失衡会增加罹患胰腺癌的风险,但胰腺癌时肠道菌群的具体变化及作用仍不明确。本文就各类胰腺疾病背景下的消化道微生态研究现状及未来可能的研究方向进行阐述。

Digestive microbial community participates in a variety of physiological and pathological processes in the human body.Currently,limited studies suggest a possible link between digestive microbiota imbalance and various pancreatic diseases such as chronic pancreatitis(CP),acute pancreatitis(AP)and pancreatic cancer(PC).For example,patients with CP have an imbalanced composition of the gut microbiota,and are often accompanied by small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.Moreover,the intestinal microflora may be closely related to IgG4-related diseases such as autoimmune pancreatitis.The abnormal intestinal microbiota is present among patients with AP.The impaired intestinal barrier function and bacterial translocation play an important role in the progression of AP.However,the structure and functional characteristics of intestinal microbiota in different types AP are still unclear.In addition,current evidence suggests a possible link between periodontal diseases/oral microbiota abnormalities and PC,but the role of intestinal microbiota in PC remains unknown.This article describes the current status and further directions of research on digestive microbiota in various pancreatic disorders.