精神分析与对中国人生活经历的理解

Psychoanalysis and the Understanding of Chinese Life Experience

作者根据在中国三十多年工作和二十年培训中国临床医生的经验,分享了对精神分析与中国人心灵相遇的观察。第一批学员在孩提时代经历了“文革”,常发展出的应对机制包括防御性理想化和其他防御机制,这些防御机制阻碍了对父母形象攻击性的修通。后来的受训者虽然没有经历“文革”,并且由于来自独生子女家庭很少经历同胞相处问题,但他们常有心理发展问题,导致自恋的性格,并被特殊的社会环境或家庭待遇强化。作者讨论了提高妇女地位和年轻男女比例不平衡的问题,并通过培训经历中的案例材料进行说明。此外,作者思考了儒家思想对家庭忠诚与中国新兴企业文化之间的冲突、广泛存在的贫困的影响。最后,作者提出了一个问题,即中国人潜意识是否具有与民族志学者观察相对应的独特品质。

The author shares his observations of the encounter of psychoanalysis with the Chinese mind,based on thirty years of work in China and twenty years training Chinese clinicians.The first trainees that experienced the"Cultural Revolution"as children often developed coping mechanisms including defensive idealization and other defences that precluded appropriate working through of aggression towards parental figures.Later generations of trainees did not think of the cultural trauma,and experienced few sibling issues because they have come from the one child generation,but they then have developmental issues frequently resulting in narcissistic personality,often enhanced by special political or familial treatment.The author discusses issues of the improved status of women and the imbalance of male–female ratio among young adults,and illustrates some of the issues through vignettes taken from training experiences.He considers the conflict between Confucian loyalty to family and the emerging entrepreneurial culture in China,as well as the role of wide-spread poverty,and finally poses the question whether there are unique qualities to the Chinese unconscious that correspond to observations by ethnographers.