不同临床标本微生物检验的阳性率流行病学分布研究

Epidemiological Distribution of Positive Rate of Microbiological Tests in Different Clinical Specimens

目的探讨临床标本微生物检验的阳性率分布研究。方法选取2017年1—12月收治的微生物标本520例与2018年1—12月收治的微生物标本544例行回顾性分析,观察2017—2018年的不同标本(血液标本、呼吸道标本、非呼吸道标本)阳性率分布,且评估不同科室的标本阳性率。结果2018年的血液标本阳性率13.97%高于2017年的血液标本阳性率8.45%(χ^2=6.877,P<0.05)。2018年的呼吸道标本阳性率29.04%高于2017年的血液标本阳性率21.54%(χ^2=7.909,P<0.05)。2018年的非呼吸道标本阳性率29.04%高于2017年的非呼吸道标本阳性率23.08%(χ^2=4.905,P<0.05)。2017年骨科标本阳性率10.00%、外科标本阳性率14.42%、内科标本阳性率16.92%及产科的标本阳性率12.12%均低于2018年骨科标本阳性率13.97%、外科标本阳性率19.85%、内科标本阳性率21.69%及产科的标本阳性率16.54%(χ^2=3.961、5.054、3.872、4.235,P<0.05)。结论通过对临床标本微生物检验的阳性率分布观察及调查,有利于不断提高检验及诊断水平,且在最大限度下确保临床诊治工作顺利开展。

Objective To investigate the distribution of positive rate of microbiological test in clinical specimens.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 520 cases of microbial specimens from January to December 2017 and 544 specimens from January to December 2018.Different specimens were observed in 2017-2018(blood specimens,respiratory specimens,non-Respiratory specimens were positively distributed and the positive rates of specimens from different departments were assessed.Results The positive rate of blood samples in 2018 was 13.97%higher than that in 2017.The positive rate of blood samples was 8.45%(χ^2=6.877,P<0.05).The positive rate of respiratory specimens in 2018 was 29.04%higher than that in 2017,which was 21.54%(χ^2=7.909,P<0.05).The positive rate of non-respiratory specimens in 2018 was 29.04%higher than that in 2017,which was 23.08%(χ^2=4.905,P<0.05).In 2017,the positive rate of orthopedic specimens was 10.00%,the positive rate of surgical specimens was 14.42%,the positive rate of internal medicine specimens was 16.92%,and the positive rate of obstetric specimens was 12.12%.The positive rate of orthopedic specimens was 13.97%,and the positive rate of surgical specimens was 19.85%.The positive rate of specimens was 21.69%and the positive rate of obstetric specimens was 16.54%(χ^2=3.961,5.054,3.872,4.235,P<0.05),the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion Through the observation and investigation of the positive rate distribution of microbiological tests in clinical specimens,it is conducive to continuously improve the level of testing and diagnosis,and to ensure the smooth progress of clinical diagnosis and treatment.