分析胸外科术后下肢静脉血栓危险因素

Analysis of Risk Factors of Lower Extremity Venous Thrombosis after Thoracic Surgery

目的研究分析胸外科术后下肢静脉血栓危险因素。方法研究对象选择2017年1-12月该院胸外科收治的手术患者46例为对照组,给予常规护理;对其发生下肢静脉血栓的12例患者行危险因素分析,并制定针对性护理方案,对2018年1-12月收治的手术患者46例为研究组,给予上述针对性护理方案;统计对照组发生及未发生下肢静脉血栓患者具体指标,对比两组患者下肢静脉血栓发生率、下肢血流速度。结果对照组发病与未发病患者糖尿病、高血压、年龄、BMI指数等指标上,两组数据对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。性别分布上,两组对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组下肢静脉血栓发生率2.60%,明显低于对照组26.09%,下肢血流速度要高于对照组,对比差异有统计学意义。结论长期卧床、糖尿病、高血压、年龄均为胸外科术后患者发生下肢静脉血栓危险因素,针对性护理方案的实施,能够明显提高下肢血流速度并降低患者下肢静脉血栓发生率。

Objective To study and analyze the risk factors of lower extremity venous thrombosis after thoracic surgery.Methods From January to December 2017, 46 patients admitted to thoracic surgery in our hospital were selected as the control group and given routine nursing care. The risk factors of 12 patients with lower extremity venous thrombosis were analyzed, and the targeted nursing plan was worked out. 46 surgical patients admitted to the study group from January to December 2018 were given the above targeted nursing plan. The specific indexes of patients with and without lower extremity venous thrombosis in the control group were counted, and the incidence of lower extremity venous thrombosis and lower extremity blood flow velocity were compared between the two groups. Results There were significant differences in diabetes mellitus, hypertension, age and BMI index between the two groups(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in gender distribution between the two groups(P>0.05). The incidence of lower extremity venous thrombosis in the study group was 2.60%, which was significantly lower than that in the control group(26.09%). The blood flow velocity of the lower extremity in the study group was higher than that in the control group. Conclusion Long-term bed rest, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and age are the risk factors of lower extremity venous thrombosis after thoracic surgery. The im plementation of targeted nursing program can significantly improve the blood flow of lower extremities. Speed and reduce the incidence of lower extremity venous thrombosis.