特异性骨靶向纳米递药系统的优势与临床可应用性

Specific bone-targeting nanoscale drug delivery system: advantages and clinical applicability

背景:在骨相关疾病治疗中特异性主动靶向递药系统非常重要,而纳米技术的发展为其提供了良好的平台,同时为其提供了新的研究思路。目的:针对以特异性骨靶向递药系统的目前发展及未来前景做一综述。方法:应用计算机在Pub Med、Web of Science和Medline等数据库检索涉及主动骨靶向性递药系统与纳米级递药系统的相关研究,检索关键词为"Bone target therapy,Nanoparticles,Drug delivery system",检索时间为2014年3月至2019年3月。结果与结论:靶向基团是特异性骨靶向递药系统的重要组成部分,它决定了递药系统的靶向效率。到目前为止已发现针对于骨组织、破骨细胞、成骨细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞的靶向分子,它们有各自优缺点。目前特异性骨靶向纳米递药系统已在各种骨病领域得到了广泛研究,如转移骨质疏松症、骨髓炎、多发性骨髓瘤、骨肉瘤、骨转移癌等。纳米载体应用的优势为其带来了临床潜力的同时也存在许多挑战,尽管许多基础研究显示出很好的体内结果,但很少有骨靶向基团修饰的纳米递药系统成功地将其转化为临床。

BACKGROUND: Specific bone-targeting drug delivery system is very important in the treatment of bone-related diseases. Development of nanotechnology provides a good platform and a new thought for preparation of sp ecific bone-targeting nanoscale drug delivery system.OBJECTIVE: To review the current development and future prospects of specific bone-targeting drug delivery systems. METHODS: A computer-based online search of Pub Med, Web of Science, and Medline databases was performed to retrieve studies regarding active targeting drug delivery system and nanoscale drug delivery system published between March 2014 and March 2019 with the search terms "Bone target therapy, Nanoparticles, Drug delivery system". RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The targeting group is an important component of the specific bone-targeting drug delivery system and it determines the targeting efficiency of the drug delivery system. Targeting bone tissue, osteoblasts, osteoblasts, and bone ma rrow mesenchymal stem cells have their own advantages and disadvantages. Specific bone-targeting nanoscale drug delivery systems have been widely used in various bone diseases, such as metastatic osteoporosis, osteomyelitis, multiple myeloma, osteosarcoma, and bon e metastases. Specific bone-targeting drug delivery systems have advantages and challenges. Although many basic studies have shown good results of specific bone-targeting drug delivery systems in vivo, little is reported on successful clinical transformation of bone-targeting groups-modified nanoscale drug delivery systems.