数字服务贸易及相关政策比较研究

A Comparative Study of Digital Service Trade and Related Policies

数字技术应用的加深推动服务贸易的数字化发展,出现数字服务贸易新贸易模式。首先,在理论方面,本文借助OECD分析框架对数字服务贸易的定义和内涵进行阐释,并分析数字服务贸易的发生过程,指出其中所出现的数据安全、电子合同、第三方金融、数字知识产权保护等多个新领域对传统贸易政策和监管机制提出挑战。其次,在政策研究方面,本文根据数字服务贸易限制性指数(Digital STRI)对世界主要经济体的数字服务贸易限制性政策进行了分析,认为世界各国的限制性政策呈现增多趋势,并且中国的限制性措施比发达国家更多,这主要是由于监管模式差异性导致的。最后,本文选取中国存在的主要限制政策内容,在基础设施连通、电子商务开放、电子支付系统监管、电子合同规则、数字知识产权保护等政策领域进行国际比较,将国际先进管理经验与我国管理政策进行对比,并提出促进我国数字服务贸易发展,提升管理水平的政策建议。

The application of digital technology has promoted the digital development of service trade, and the digital service trade has emerged as a new trade mode. In theory, this paper explains the definition and contents of digital service trade by means of OECD analysis framework, and it analyzes the development of digital service trade including several new policy areas such as the data security, electronic contract, third-party finance, digital intellectual property protection. The traditional trade policies and regulatory mechanisms are facing the challenge from these new areas. In terms of policy research, this paper analyzes the digital service trade restrictive policies of the major economies according to the Digital STRI Restriction Index(Digital STRI), and it argues that restrictive policies at the international level are showing a sign of increasing, and that the number of China’s restrictive measures are much more than that in the other developed countries, mainly due to differences in regulatory models. Therefore, this paper selects the main restrictive policy contents in China and conducts international comparisons in policy areas such as infrastructure connectivity, e-commerce opening, supervision of the electronic payment system, electronic contract rules, and digital intellectual property protection. The policy comparison is to obtain policy recommendations for promoting and improving the development of China’s digital service trade and its management.