分阶段护理模式对胃肠肿瘤患者康复效果及营养水平的影响

Effect of phased nursing mode on rehabilitation effectiveness and nutritional level in patients with gastrointestinal tumor

目的:研究分阶段护理模式对胃肠肿瘤患者康复效果及营养水平的影响,探讨胃肠肿瘤手术患者高效护理模式。方法:将2014年6月至2017年8月于我院行手术治疗的90例胃肠肿瘤患者随机均分为研究组与对照组,各45例。对照组患者采取常规护理模式,观察组患者采取分阶段护理模式。比较两组患者肛门排气、首次下床活动时间等康复指标,记录手术前、术后1周营养指标,记录术后并发症发生情况。结果:观察组肛门排气、首次下床活动、肠鸣音恢复、进食半流质食物、留置尿管、住院时间均显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后7 d白蛋白(ALB)、血红蛋白(Hb)、总蛋白(TP)、前白蛋白(PA)与术前差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后7 d观察组各营养指标均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组切口感染、焦虑、恶心呕吐发生率显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:分阶段护理模式能促进术后胃肠功能恢复,改善术后营养状况以及康复效果,降低术后并发症发生率。

Objective:To study the effect of phased nursing mode on the rehabilitation effect and nutritional level in patients with gastrointestinal cancer and explore the high-effective nursing mode for patients with gastrointestinal tumor.Methods:Ninety patients who underwent surgery in our hospital from June 2014 to August 2017 were randomly divided into observation group and control group,45 cases in each group.Patients in the control group were treated with routine care and patients in the observation group were treated with phased nursing mode.The rehabilitation indexes such as anus exhaust and first-time ambulation were compared between the two groups.Nutritional indicators were recorded before surgery and 1 week after surgery,and complications were recorded after surgery.Results:The anus exhaust,first-time ambulation,bowel sound recovery,eating semi-liquid food,indwelling urinary catheter and hospitalization time in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);there were no significant difference in albumin(ALB),hemoglobin(Hb),total protein(TP)and prealbumin(PA)between 7 days after operation and before operation in the observation group(P>0.05).The nutritional indicators of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of incision infection,anxiety,nausea and vomiting in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Phased nursing mode can promote the recovery of postoperative gastrointestinal function,improve postoperative nutritional status and rehabilitation and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.