并列式垂直轴水轮机尾流场的干扰特性研究

A study on the interaction between parallel vertical axis turbines’ wake fields

为研究并列式垂直轴水轮机的水动力性能及尾流干扰特性,进而指导阵列式水轮机的排列,文章对并列式垂直轴水轮机的水动力性能进行数值分析。首先针对单个垂直轴水轮机的水动力性能进行分析,基于数值分析结果与实验数据的对比,验证了所采用数值分析方法的准确性,继而对并列式垂直轴水轮机的性能进行了分析。分析结果表明:垂直轴水轮机的尾流具有明显的非对称现象,且尾流之间的干扰对尾流场的速度影响较大;由于水轮机尾流压力分布不均,两个水轮机尾流之间会产生压力差,进而导致尾涡向低压力区域偏移,整体表现为向迎流侧偏移;尾流继续传播扩散,最后与流场混合;在并列排布垂直轴水轮机时,应尽量使相邻水轮机处于顺流侧并反向旋转,当水轮机处于相邻水轮机的迎流侧时,应注意加大水轮机之间的间距。

In order to study the hydrodynamic performance and wake fields interaction characteristics of the parallel vertical axis turbines, guiding the arrangement of the array turbines,we use CFD method to analyze the hydrodynamic performance of the wakes of the vertical axis current turbines(VACT). After comparing the numerical results and the experiment results, we know that the simulating method is reliable. Then we simulating the performance of parallel VACTs. We can observe the asymmetry phenomenon in the velocity field and the pressure field.Due to the asymmetry distribution of the wake flow of the turbine, the pressure difference is generated between the wakes of the two turbines, which causes the wake vortex to shift to the low pressure region, and the overall performance is shifted toward the stream ward side. So when the vertical axis turbines are arranged side by side, the adjacent turbines should be placed on the leeward side and rotating in the opposite direction. At the same time, when the turbine is place on the stream ward side of the other turbines, we should increase the spacing between the turbines.