人类活动影响下乌苏市地下水埋深演化趋势

The Evolution Trend of Groundwater Level in Usu City under the Influence of Human Activities

【目的】研究人类活动影响下乌苏市地下水位变化趋势,以及各因素变化对该地区地下水位演化的影响程度。【方法】对2018年9月乌苏市地下水埋深进行了统测,通过Mapgis软件分析了地下水流场及埋深,组合2008-2017年耕地面积、地下水开采量、节水灌溉面积、地表水引水量、总灌溉面积、机井数量等变化因素对地下水埋深演化趋势进行分析,并利用灰色关联方法评价了各因素与地下水埋深的关联程度。【结果】乌苏市地下水流向由南向北,后转向西流入艾比湖,部分地方存在降落漏斗;在人类活动影响下,地下水位整体呈下降趋势;地表水引水量与地下水开采量的灰色关联度均大于0.6。【结论】地表水引水量与地下水开采量为影响地下水位演化的主要驱动力;乌苏市实施控制用水总量方案后水位有所回升,在地下水开发利用过程中仍需掌握地下水位动态变化。

【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to study the variation trend of groundwater level in Usu city under the influence of human activities, the influence of various factors on the groundwater level in this area was analyzed, which was of great significance to the development and utilization of water resources.【Method】Through the groundwater survey of Usu city in September 2018, the groundwater flow field and buried depth were analyzed by Mapgis, and we stated the variational factors such as agricultural acreage, amount of groundwater mining, water-saving irrigation area, surface water diversion, total irrigation area and the number of wells from 2008 to 2017, the evolution trend of groundwater level was illuminated, the grey correlation method was used to evaluate the degree of the factors associated with the burial depth of the underground water level.【Result】The groundwater flows from the south to the north, then to the west into Abigail Lake. Under the influence of human activities, the groundwater level was decreasing as a whole. The gray correlation between surface water diversion and groundwater exploitation was greater than 0.6.【Conclusion】The main driving forces affecting the evolution of groundwater level are surface water diversion and groundwater exploitation in this area. After the implementation of the total water control scheme, the water level of usu city has risen to some extent. It is still necessary to master the dynamic change of groundwater level in the process of groundwater development and utilization.