农村电子商务发展的法律障碍及对策

Legal Barriers and Solutions to Development of Rural E-Commerce

农村电子商务已经成为乡村振兴的新引擎。我国农业始终面临着小农户与大市场间的矛盾,特别是电子商务法中的市场主体登记、行政许可以及电子商务平台经营者与销售者之间的连带责任等法律制度,使农户面临着新的法律风险。实名制、信用评价和公示制度可以实现市场主体登记的功能,市场竞争、行业自律和风险监测与评估等事中、事后监管措施可以替代行政许可。因此,应当对农户进行市场主体登记和行政许可豁免;同时,为公平分配食用农产品致人损害的风险,应当建立食用农产品责任保险制度。

Rural e-commerce has become new driving forces for rural revitalization. China’s agriculture has always faced the contradiction between small farmers and big markets. Especially, market participant registration,administrative permission,and the joint liability of operators and sellers in the e-commerce law,make farmers face new legal risks. The real-name system,credit evaluation and publicity system can realize the function of market participant registration. Market competition,industry self-discipline and risk monitoring and evaluation,as in-process or post-event regulatory measures,can replace administrative permission. Therefore,farmers should be exempted from the obligations of market participant registration and administrative permission.In order to equitably distribute the risk of human damage caused by edible agricultural products,a liability insurance system for edible agricultural products should be established.