缓释肥对贵州黄壤地辣椒产量、品质及肥料利用率的影响

Effect of Slow Release Fertilizer on Yield, Fertilizer Utilization and Quality of Pepper in Guizhou Yellow Soil

【目的】为贵州黄壤区辣椒轻简化栽培高效施肥提供理论依据。【方法】采用大田试验方法,在贵州典型黄壤区进行3种缓释肥(稳定性肥料,硝基双效肥料,控释肥料)在辣椒上的施用试验,研究其对辣椒产量,品质、养分吸收及肥料利用的影响。【结果】施用3种缓释肥处理辣椒产量提高14.3%~19.4%,显著高于习惯施肥和不施肥处理;辣椒氨基酸含量比习惯施肥高8.9%~22.7%,粗蛋白含量高2.4%~10%;辣椒叶片、茎秆、果实养分含量和辣椒氮肥农学效率、氮肥偏生产力和氮肥表观利用率均得到提高。【结论】施用3种缓释肥能显著提高辣椒产量,改善辣椒品质,提高辣椒肥料利用率。

【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to provide theoretical basis for efficient fertilization of pepper in yellow soil region of Guizhou province.【Method】Field test method was used to test the application of three slow-release fertilizers(stable fertilizer,nitro dual-effect fertilizer and controlled-release fertilizer)on pepper in the typical yellow soil area of Guizhou province,and to study their effects on yield,quality,nutrient absorption and fertilizer utilization of pepper.【Result】The yield of pepper increased by 14.3%-19.4%after applying three slow-release fertilizers,which was significantly higher than that of conventional fertilization and no fertilization.The amino acid content of pepper was 8.9%-22.7%higher than that of conventional fertilizer,and the crude protein content was 2.4%-10%higher.The nutrient contents of pepper leaves,stems and fruits were improved as well as the agronomic efficiency,partial nitrogen productivity and apparent nitrogen utilization rate of pepper.【Conclusion】The application of three slow-release fertilizers significantly increased the yield of pepper,improved the quality of pepper and increased the fertilizer utilization rate of pepper.