普速铁路实施网运分开的探讨

Discussion on the Separation Railway Network and Transport in Conventional Railways

随着铁路企业向现代运输经营型企业加速转型,铁路网运分开改革的政策导向和路线图已明确。本文在分析网运分开成功案例的基础上,认为铁路网运分开对尊重市场经济规律、科学定位铁路行业属性、推进铁路股份制改造具有深远意义。高速铁路的发展、铁路公司制治理结构的建立、客货运清算方式的完善为铁路网运分开改革奠定了基础。各铁路局集团公司划分为客运公司、货运公司、路网公司,并分别负责客运业务、货运业务、基础设施建设与维护等。为保证铁路运输安全与高效,路网公司行使调度指挥权,客运公司、货运公司按照"担当"清算、"承运制"清算原则向路网公司清算,各集团公司间清算由总公司组织。

With the accelerated transformation of railway enterprises to modern transportation and operation enterprises,the policy guidance and roadmap for the separate reform of railway network and transportation operation has been clarified.Based on the analysis of successful cases of network and transportation separation,we believe that the separation of railway network and transportation has profound significance for following the law of market economy,locating scientifically the attributes of railway enterprises,improving railway shareholding system reform.With the development of high-speed railway,the establishment of the governance structure of railway enterprises,and the improvement of passenger and freight liquidation methods,it laid the foundation for the reform of separation of railway network and transportation.Each railway bureau group company will be divided into a passenger transportation company,a freight transport company and a railway network company.The passenger transport company is responsible for the passenger transport business,the freight transport company is responsible for the freight transport business,and the railway network company is responsible for the construction and maintenance of the infrastructure.In order to ensure the safety and efficiency of railway transportation,the railway network company has the power to schedule trains.The passenger transport company and the freight transport company shall be liquidated to the railway network company in accordance with the principle of the passenger transport liquidation model and the carrier liquidation model.The China National Railway Group Co.,Ltd.is responsible for organizing liquidation between subsidiaries of each group.