21世纪礼貌现象研究的可能性——话语礼貌理论的新发展

The Possibility of Research on Politeness in the 21st Century: The New Development of Discourse Politeness Theory

本研究简单回顾了Brown,P.&Levinson,S.(1978/1987)提出的“礼貌策略理论”及由此引发的一系列争论,并重新梳理了近40余年礼貌研究的发展动态。1990年以后,礼貌现象研究分化为“礼貌亨字研究”和“礼貌亨今研究”两大类。“礼貌,字研究”指针对各语言敬语体系、敬语使用原则及其跨文化对比等开展的研究“礼貌理论研究”指基于“领悟(Realization)”不同语言文化中的各种礼貌现象这一动机而开展的礼貌现象“理论(Theory,Principle)”建构研究,其重点是用同一理论框架解释、说明、预测不同文化中的礼貌现象。本研究在明确上述内容的意义、功能、问题的基础上,结合当前快速发展的人工智能“对话系统建构”的研究成果,论述“话语礼貌理论(Discourse Politeness T heory)”在21世纪的研究成果及今后的发展方向。

This paper briefly reviews the universal theory of politeness put forward by Brown and Levinson in 1978/1987 and the series of arguments related to it.It also summarizes the development of politeness research,which especially includes researches under the politeness discursive approach and the politeness theoretical approach since 1990.The politeness discursive approach refers to politeness,honorific systems,honorific use,and cross-cultural comparative and contrastive study in various languages.With its focus on universal explanation,interpretation and prediction of politeness realization in different cultures,the politeness theoretical approach refers to a study of"theoretical"construction based on the motivation of a"realization"of politeness in different languages and cultures.On the basis of confirming the significance,functions and problems of the above contents,this paper,relating to the dialogue research used for dialogue system construction in the current rapidly developing artificial intelligence research,discusses the latest developm ent of discourse politeness theory in the 21 st century and the direction of future developm ent.