日本日语教师教育的现状与课题

The Current Status and Demands of Training Japanese Teachers in Japan

目前,日本还没有政府认定的“日语教师”资格,日语教师的专业性尚未得到社会的充分认可。自20世纪70年代起,为培养专业化日语教师队伍,日本政府先后颁布了四份日语教育报告,内容涉及日语教师资质与能力及教师培养方案。本研究以四份报告为分析资料,追溯了日语教育领域有关日语教师资质与能力的认识及变迁,研究发现:日本长期以来对于教师专业知识和专业能力发展根基的教师职业认识未能展开充分探讨。今后需要加强教师职业认识的培养,特别是在教师培养的初期阶段,如何培养教师职业认识等问题亟待解决。期待中日两国日语教师和研究人员相互交流,加强合作,共同探究日语教师教育中的课题。

The professionalism of Japanese teachers is not widely acknowledged,for there are no professional certifications admitted in Japan.Since the 1970s,four reports on Japanese education have been released by the Japanese governm ent to discuss the qualifications and abilities that Japanese teachers should have and the educational content which is needed in the training for teachers in order to improve Japanese teachers'professionalism.Based on these reports,this paper reviews changes in the qualifications and abilities of Japanese teachers,and shows that the training for teachers in"attitude",which is the foundation of grasping knowledge,mastering skills and developing,is not sufficient in Japan.The cultivation of"attitude"should be given more stress.How to cultivate the proper"attitude",especially during the early training for teachers,is an urgent problem waiting to be solved.We hope that more scholars and teachers from China and Japan will communicate and work together to solve problems in Japanese teacher education.