固化材料在生活垃圾焚烧飞灰处置中的应用概况及前景

Application of solidified materials in disposal of MSWI fly ash

焚烧方式因其减量化、无害化等优点将逐步成为我国城市生活垃圾的主要处理方式。飞灰是焚烧方式的主要副产物,其高含量且易浸出的重金属是急需解决的难题。本文从介质固化技术中固化材料的角度系统地总结了国内外的处理现状,展示了水泥、粉煤灰、偏高岭土、赤泥、矿渣、塑料和其他材料在飞灰固化上的应用情况,分别从重金属固化效率以及机械性能等两个主要方面对其固化效果进行评估,分析了各个材料的优缺点,并且给出了工程应用实例和经济性分析。最后在固化材料的工业应用前景和未来发展方向提出了研究建议。

The incineration method will gradually become the main treatment method of municipal solid waste in China,considering its advantages of mass reduction and harmlessness.Fly ash is the main by-product of incineration,and its high content of heavy metals which can be easily leached are urgent problems to be solved.This paper reviews the status of treatment in China and abroad from the perspective of solidified materials in solidification technology,and demonstrates the application of cement,coal fly ash,metakaolin,red mud,slag,plastics and other materials in the solidification of fly ash.And the solidification effects are evaluated from two main aspects:solidification efficiency of heavy metals and mechanical properties,and the advantages and disadvantages of each material are analyzed and engineering application examples and economic analysis are presented.In the end,the research suggestions in the industrial application prospects and future development directions of solidified materials are pointed out.