组蛋白CENP-A与乳腺癌发生及预后关系研究现状

Advances of CENP-A in breast cancer investigations

目的乳腺癌是一种高度异质性疾病,其发病原因的复杂性及治疗效果的差异性是制约患者治疗的主要问题。因此,鉴定出新的生物标志物用以指导乳腺癌分类和精准治疗具有重要意义。本研究总结和讨论近几年着丝粒蛋白A(centromere protein-A,CENP-A)作为预后和分类标志物在乳腺癌发生和临床治疗中的研究进展。方法采用PubMed和中国知网数据库检索系统,以"Breast Cancer、CENP-A"为关键词,检索2010-01-2018-10相关文献。纳入标准:(1)CENP-A分子生物学和生物化学及细胞生物学研究;(2)乳腺癌患者肿瘤组织样品统计分析;(3)高表达CENP-A与乳腺癌的恶性程度直接相关性;(4)乳腺癌临床治疗决策。排除标准:(1)缺少CENP-A在乳腺癌发生及治疗中的详细研究;(2)CENP-A基因敲除或敲低;(3)综述文献。根据纳入和排除标准分析文献54篇,其中英文文献50篇,中文文献4篇。结果CENP-A在正常细胞中的转录和翻译水平受到严格调控,对于确保有丝分裂过程中基因组的稳定性发挥重要作用。众多乳腺癌肿瘤组织中都存在着CENP-A转录水平升高的情况,CENP-A高转录水平与乳腺癌恶性程度呈较强的相关性。根据患者乳腺癌组织中CENP-A表达水平可以对乳腺癌进一步分型,并指导乳腺癌的临床治疗决策。已有的商业化检测方式可以方便快速的检测CENP-A表达水平,为乳腺癌的分型和治疗提供重要技术支持。结论CENP-A高表达的乳腺癌患者预后更差,整体生存期更短。乳腺癌细胞中CENP-A表达水平能够作为患者独立有效的预后标志物。

OBJECTIVE Breast cancer is a kind of disease with great heterogeneity.The existing methods for dividing breast cancers into different subtypes have significantly guided precision clinical treatment decisions.The complex reasons of breast cancer genesis and various treatment outcomes,however,are still the major issues for improving breast cancer treatment.Identifying new biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment is still of great significance.This study summarizes and discuss recent advances in investigations about CENP-A,as prognosis marker,in breast cancer genesis and clinical treatment.METHORDS All the reference articles were got from NCBI PubMed and CNKI databases.The main key words for searching literatures were"breast cancer"and"CENP-A".All the selected papers were mainly published from 2010-01 to 2018-10.Inclusion criteria:CENP-A biological function exploration,patient breast cancer samples analysis,correlation between high expression level of CENP-A and breast cancer malignancy,breast cancer treatment.Exclusion criteria:lack of detail investigations about CENP-A and breast cancer genesis,downregulating CENP-A or deletion,unrelated review articles.Finally,54 articles were got,including 50 English articles and 4 Chinese literatures.RESULTS CENP-A exhibits a relative stable level in transcription and translation through the whole cell cycle,which is essential for maintaining genome stability in mitosis.Most breast cancer cells displayed dramatically upregulated transcription level of CENP-A.Noticeably,the high transcription level of CENP-A show strong correlation with the malignancy of breast cancer.CENP-A expression level is an independent and significant biomarker for dividing different subtype of breast cancers and can guide clinical treatment decisions in some degree.Commercially accessible kits have provided powerful tools for quick test of CENP-A transcription and translation level in patient breast cancer tissue sample,which strongly supports breast cancer diagnosis and treatment.CONCLUSIONS Patients suffering primary breast cancer with higher CENP-A transcription level displayed poor outcome and shorter survival time.Expression level of CENP-A is an independent and significant prognosis marker for breast cancer.