城镇化对西部地区生态效率的影响

The influences of urbanization on eco-efficiency in western China

采用超效率DEA方法测算了2003-2016年西部地区11个省份的生态效率并分析了其时空演变状况,利用面板Tobit模型从直接和间接两个视角实证检验了城镇化对西部地区生态效率的影响机制。结果显示:2003-2016年期间,西部地区生态效率总体波动不大,但区域间差距增大,呈现东南向西北递减的空间分布;西部地区城镇化水平与生态效率呈显著的U型关系;产业结构升级受城镇化的进一步拉动,对生态效率的正向影响增强;城镇化使得技术提升对生态效率的正向影响大于其反弹效应;人口城镇化、产业城镇化与生态效率之间存在U型关系,但土地城镇化阻碍了生态效率的改善,三者的协调推进有利于西部地区生态效率的提高。

Calculating the eco-efficiency of 11 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)in western region of China from 2003 to 2016 by SE-DEA Model and analyzing its spatial and temporal evolution,this essay analyses the influences of urbanization on eco-efficiency through empirical tests from both direct and indirect aspects by using the Panel Tobit Model.The results show that:The eco-efficiency of western region fluctuates slowly over 14 years but regional difference is enlarged,which decreases from southeast to northwest;The curve of the relationship between eco-efficiency and urbanization is U-shaped and urbanization can also influence the eco-efficiency in western region indirectly by enlarging positive effects of industry structure improvement and make positive effect caused by technological development larger than rebound effect;The curves of relationships between population urbanization,industry urbanization and eco-efficiency are U-shaped but land urbanization impedes improvement of regional eco-efficiency while their coordination helps to increase eco-efficiency.