河南省中小学生焦虑干扰生活程度现状及影响因素

Anxiety life interference among primary and middle school students in Henan Province and its influencing factors

目的了解中小学生焦虑干扰生活程度现状及其心理社会影响因素,为明确中小学健康教育工作方向和重点提供依据。方法 2016年1-6月采取随机整群抽样方法,抽取河南省3 573名小学生和2 748名初中生完成儿童焦虑干扰生活量表(Child Anxiety Life Interference Scale, CALIS)、青少年心理韧性量表(Resilience Scale of Chinese Adolescents, RSCA)、领悟社会支持量表(Perceived Social Support Scale, PSSS)、自尊问卷(Self-esteem Scale, SES)、一般自我效能感量表(General Self-efficacy Scale, GSES)。结果焦虑干扰生活程度在不同性别、学段、焦虑程度、父亲受教育水平、母亲受教育水平的中小学生中差异均有统计学意义(t/F值分别为2.07,-2.29,119.93,13.38,9.65,P值均<0.05);焦虑干扰生活程度与心理弹性、社会支持、自我效能感等心理社会因素均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.25,-0.09,-0.12,P值均<0.01),与自尊呈正相关(r=0.23,P<0.01);线性回归分析结果显示,心理弹性(β=-0.21)负向预测焦虑干扰生活程度,自尊(β=0.13)、社会支持(β=0.06)均正向预测焦虑干扰生活程度。结论中小学生生活受焦虑干扰程度较严重,心理弹性是影响中小学生焦虑干扰生活程度的主要心理社会因素。

Objective To investigate anxiety life interference among primary and middle school students in Henan Province and its influencing factors, and to provide scientific basis for health education in primary and secondary school students. Methods By using cluster sampling method, 3 573 primary school students and 2 748 secondary school students in Henan Province were investigated with Child Anxiety Life Interference Scale(CALIS), Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents(RSCA), Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS), Self-Esteem Scale(SES), General Self-efficacy Scale(GSES). Results There were significant differences in anxiety life disturbance in primary and middle school students by gender(t=2.07, P=0.04), school level(t=-2.29, P=0.02), degree of anxiety(F=119.93, P<0.01), educational level of fathers(F=13.38, P<0.01) and educational level of mothers(F=9.65, P<0.01). The degree of life disturbance caused by anxiety was negatively correlated with mental resilience, social support and self-efficacy(r=-0.25,-0.09,-0.12, P<0.01), and was positively related to self-esteem(r=0.23). Mental resilience(β=-0.21) significantly negatively predicted anxiety interference with life, while self-esteem(β=0.13) and social support(β=0.06) significantly positively predicted anxiety interference with life. Conclusion The life of primary and middle school students is seriously disturbed by anxiety, and mental resilience is the primary psychosocial factor that affects the level of anxiety life interference among primary and middle school students.