某矿区土壤重金属背景值调查与重金属污染现状评价

Survey of Background Values of Heavy Metal in Soil in a Mining Area and Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution

测试了某铜镍矿区土壤重金属元素含量,分析了铜镍矿区和对照区土壤背景值。采用地累积污染指数法和单因子指数法评价了研究区土壤重金属污染状况,分析了水流、风力等对废石堆场周边区域重金属扩散、传播的影响。结果表明:研究区是Ni、As元素高背景区,研究区土壤环境质量除As元素超标外,总体质量较好,As元素超标与该地区背景值偏高有关。废石堆场周边区域,水流、风力等因素对重金属扩散传播作用不明显。

Contents of heavy metal elements(As,Cd,Hg,Pb,Cu,Zn,Cr,Ni)in soil samples were measured.Background values of soil in control area as well as copper and nickel mining area were analyzed.Heavy metal pollutions in soil of the study area were evaluated based on single factor index method and Muller’s Geo-accumulation pollution index method.Influence of water flow,wind and other factors on diffusion and transmission of heavy metal in soil surrounding waste-rock yard was analyzed.The results show that heavy metal background values of As and Ni are high in the study area.Soil quality in the study area is good except that As content is higher than the soil environmental quality risk control standard(GB 15618-2018).The excess of As element is related to the high background value.There is little influence of water flow,wind and other factors on diffusion and transmission of heavy metal in soil surrounding the waste-rock yard.