陶瓷食品接触材料釉层中铅和镉迁移研究进展

Research Progress on Migration of Lead and Cadmium in Glaze Layer of Ceramic Food Contact Materials

目的综述陶瓷食品接触材料中重金属的来源及危害,国内外标准法规,铅镉迁移的影响因素及机理研究进展等,为解决我国陶瓷食品接触材料中存在的安全问题、提高我国食品包装安全性的综合监督管理水平、推动我国包装产业和食品产业的稳定发展提供参考。方法运用列举、排比及归纳等方法对国内外的研究现状和研究成果进行分析总结。结果在铅、镉溶出量相关法规方面,目前我国与欧美发达国家相比还存在差距;陶瓷釉层中重金属初始含量、釉料成分比例、烧制温度,食品的pH值、酒精度以及贮藏时间、贮藏温度等都会对重金属的迁移起到很大影响;国内外对陶瓷中重金属迁移机理相关的研究较少。结论我国在陶瓷制品重金属检测方法和限量标准等方面虽与国际逐渐接轨,但仍存在差距,在陶瓷制品微观结构对迁移机理的影响方面还有较大的研究空间。

This work aimed to summarize the sources and hazards of heavy metals in ceramic food contact materials,the relevant regulations at home and abroad,the factors affecting migration of lead and cadmium and the migration mechanism,so as to provide a theoretical basis for solving the safety problems existing in ceramic food contact materials in China,to improve the comprehensive supervision and management level of the safety of food packaging materials in China,and to promote the stable development of China’s packaging industry and food industry as well.We carried out the analysis and summarization of the research progress by means of enumeration,parallelism and induction.Results showed that there was still a gap between China and developed countries in Europe and America in terms of relevant laws and regulations on lead and cadmium release.Many parameters such as the initial content of heavy metals in ceramic glaze layer,glaze composition ratio,sintering temperature,pH value of food,alcohol content,the storage time,and the storage temperature,they all had great influence on the migration of heavy metals according to the reference.In addition,there were few researches on the migration mechanism of heavy metals from ceramics at home and abroad.Although China is gradually in line with the international standards in the detection methods and limit standards of heavy metals in ceramic products,there still is a gap and a large research space in the influence of microscopic structure of ceramic products on migration mechanism.