紫外线致非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的作用机制研究进展

Research Progress on the Mechanism of UV-Induced Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer

非黑色素瘤皮肤癌是最常见的皮肤癌类型,占全世界每年诊断的所有恶性肿瘤的1/3。最常见的非黑色素瘤皮肤癌包括基底细胞癌、鳞状细胞癌和光化性角化病。虽然这些肿瘤患者的死亡率很低,但较高的发病率下仍有相当多患者死于这类肿瘤,对公共健康和医疗保健成本产生了重大影响。许多危险因素涉及非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的发病机制,包括紫外线辐射、遗传和分子改变、免疫抑制等,其中紫外线辐射在非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的发生发展中起重要作用。所以,我们的讨论重点关注紫外线,并详细分析了紫外线致非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的作用机制。尽管尚未完全了解非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的发病机制,但紫外线是非黑色素瘤皮肤癌已知的重要危险因素,通过采取防晒措施可有效预防非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的发生发展。本文对近年来紫外线致非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的作用机制作一综述,以期通过预防措施和策略(包括个人行为改变和公共教育计划),降低非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的发病率。

Non-melanoma skin cancer(NMSC)is the most common type of skin cancer,accounting for one third of all malignancies diagnosed worldwide each year.The most common NMSC include basal cell carcinoma,squamous cell carcinoma,and actinic keratosis.Although the mortality caused by these tumors is very low,the high incidence of NMSC has caused a considerable number of deaths,which has a major impact on public health and healthcare costs.Many risk factors involve the pathogenesis of NMSC,including ultraviolet radiation,genetic and molecular changes,immunosuppression,etc.Among them,ultraviolet radiation plays an important role in the development of NMSC.Although the pathogenesis of NMSC is not fully understood,ultraviolet light is a known risk factor for NMSC,and sun protection can effectively prevent the development of NMSC.Now we make a review on the role of UV-induced NMSC in recent years,to reduce the incidence of NMSC through preventive measures and strategies,including individual behavior changes and public education programs.