摘要
从理论和实验两方面研究了照相机底片中出现的星芒现象,同时该现象也是2018年IYPT赛题之一(见文献[1])需研究的提灯辐射问题。首先,通过简化的物理模型,结合小孔衍射原理和利用数值模拟的方法,从理论上解释了相机底片中星芒现象出现的原因,探究了星芒的数量和细锐度的影响因素。其次,在实验上,利用具有不同光圈参数的相机,对星芒现象进行了研究。实验结果和数值模拟分析结果一致:当相机光圈为中心对称图形时,出现的星芒个数为叶片数;当相机光圈为轴对称而非中心对称图形时,星芒个数为叶片数的二倍;相机光圈孔径越小,星芒越细锐。
The star awns phenomenon in camera negatives is studied theoretically and experimentally.At the same time,this phenomenon is one of the problems raised by IYPT in 2018.Firstly,based on the simplified physical model with the diffraction theory and the numerical simulations,the star awns phenomenon in the camera negatives is simulated.The influence factors of the number and sharpness of star awns are explained theoretically.Secondly,the star awns phenomenon is investigated by using a real camera with different aperture parameters.The experimental results are consistent with the numerical simulation results.When the camera aperture is centrosymmetric,the number of stars appearing is the number of blades,and when the camera aperture is axisymmetrical rather than centrosymmetric,the number of stars is twice the number of blades.The smaller the aperture of the camera aperture,the sharper the star awns.
作者
韩佩杉
伍泓锦
黄博文
杨浩林
贾欣燕
刘其军
常相辉
魏云
樊代和
HAN Peishan;WU Hongjin;HUANG Bowen;YANG Haolin;JIA Xinyan;LIU Qijun;CHANG Xianghui;WEI Yun;FAN Daihe(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education,School of Physical Science and Technology,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu Sichuan 611756)
出处
《物理与工程》
2019年第4期82-87,共6页
Physics and Engineering
基金
西南交通大学个性化实验(GX201812147)
中国高等教育理科教育专业委员会高等理科教育研究课题
西南交通大学2018年本科教育教学研究与改革项目(1802034
1801012)
关键词
星芒
提灯辐射
衍射
细锐度
star awn
lantern radiation
diffraction
sharpness