蚊肠道微生物调节蚊媒传染病传播的研究进展

Progress towards mosquito microbiome on regulating the transmission of mosquito-borne diseases

蚊是一种吸血昆虫,在人群中通过吸血叮咬的方式感染并传播疟原虫、登革病毒、寨卡病毒等多种病原体,给全球公共卫生安全带来重大威胁。中肠组织是蚊虫抵抗病原体感染的第一道防线,蚊的中肠组织内栖息着大量的肠道微生物,当被感染病原体的血液进入到蚊的中肠组织后,某些肠道微生物通过分泌蛋白质、小分子等多种方式直接或间接影响病原体感染蚊中肠上皮层的过程,进而调控了病原体在蚊虫体内的复制传播。本综述总结了有关蚊肠道微生物调控蚊媒传染病传播的情况,阐述了不同种类的蚊肠道微生物影响病原体在蚊体内复制传播的机制。

Mosquito is a hematophagous insect which transmits malaria,dengue fever or Zika infections by blood feeding,posing fatal threats to global public health.Mosquito midgut is the first line of defense against infected pathogens.When mosquito feeds on a host with virus or parasite infections,the pathogens in the host blood are ingested into the midgut in which variant commensal microbes harbor.Some commensal microbes have effect on the infection of ingested pathgens into epithelial cells of mosquito midgut by secreting some proteins or other molecules,thereby regulating the process of pathogen transmission in the mosquito.In this review,we summarize research on the commensal microbes that regulate the transmission of mosquito-borne diseases and understand various mechanisms of commensal microbes involved in the transmission of mosquito-borne pathogens.