浙江镜湖湿地3种菌根植物根部真菌群落多样性及对金属元素富集能力的研究

Fungal Community and Their Metal Accumulation Ability of Three Mycorrhizal Plants in Jinghu Wetland,Zhejing

城市湿地(urban wetland)植物多样性水平高,并具有积极的净化和美化环境的作用。本研究以浙江绍兴镜湖城市湿地公园为研究样地,通过ICP-AES检测了人工园区和次生林土壤中几种金属元素(Al、Cr、Cu、K和Zn)的含量,比较不同类型的菌根植物——黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)(AM)、六月霜(Monochasma sauatieri Franch)(AM)和乌饭树(Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb)(ERM)对金属元素的富集作用。通过高通量测序分析各宿主植物根部真菌群落的组成和结构,比较其对宿主植物金属富集能力的影响。结果表明:(1)人工园区土壤中5种金属元素的含量均显著高于次生林下的土壤;(2)乌饭树对Al的富集能力较强,黑麦草和六月霜富集Cr能力都较强;(3)3种植物根部真菌主要来自Ascomycota,而乌饭树根部Basidiomycota也是优势真菌,AM真菌在黑麦草和六月霜根部真菌群落结构中较少,而公认的ERM真菌Helotiales和Sebacinales在乌饭树根部真菌群落中的比例较高,且与所测金属元素无显著相关性。绍兴镜湖城市湿地公园次生林土壤环境保持良好。

The plant composition in urban wetland parks is rich,and plays an active role for the urban environment.In Jinghu City Wetland Park(JCWP)in Shaoxing,the contents of metal elements(Al,Cr,Cu,K and Zn)in the soil,which collected from artificial garden and Meishan secondary forests,were compared by ICP-AES.Metal enrichments by different mycorrhizal hosts——Lolium perenne L.(AM),Monochasma sauatieri Franch(AM)and Vaccinium bracteatum Thumb.(ERM)in the secondary forests were examined.Based on the high through-put sequencing,the composition and structure of root fungal communities of three plant species were determined,and the relationship between them and metal elements in soil was analyzed.The results showed that:(1)the contents of five metal elements in the soil from the artificial park were significantly higher than those in the soil under the secondary forest;(2)V.bracteatum had a stronger ability to enrich Al,L.perenne and M.sauatieri both were good at Cr enrichment;(3)The fungi associated with root of these plants were mainly composed of Ascomycota,while Basidiomycota was also prefer to stay with V.bracteatum hair roots.The putative AM fungi were less in fungal community structure together with their hosts,however the putative ERM fungi——Helotiales and Sebacinales were popular in V.bracteatum samples,and there was no significant correlation with these metal elements.The soil environment under the secondary forest in JCWP keeps well.